List of toll roads in the United States
This is a list of toll roads in the United States. Included are current and future High Occupancy/Toll lanes, express toll lanes, and hybrid systems. This list does not include items on the list of toll bridges, list of toll tunnels, list of ferry operators, nor pre-freeway turnpikes.
Alabama
Road Name |
S/W Terminus |
N/E Terminus |
Length |
Cash tolls (automobile) |
Notes |
Black Warrior Parkway |
Tuscaloosa |
Northport |
4.9 mi. |
$1.25 |
|
Emerald Mountain Expressway |
Wares Ferry Road, Montgomery |
Rifle Range Road, Montgomery |
1.2 mi. |
$1.50 |
|
Foley Beach Express |
Orange Beach |
Summerdale |
14 mi. |
$3 |
Extension to I-10 planned |
Montgomery Expressway |
Montgomery |
Prattville |
6.9 mi. |
$1.25 |
|
Arkansas
California
Other proposals
HOT lanes
Future
The Bay Area is planning an entire network of HOT lanes.[6]
Riverside County is recognized by the California Transportation Commission(CATC) as having a traffic congestion problem second only to Los Angeles.[10]
- SR 91 Recommended. Two HOT lanes and a mixed-flow lane from the Orange County line to the intersection with I-15.[10]
- I-15 Recommended. Two HOT lanes and a mixed-flow lane from the San Bernardino County line to the intersection with SR 74. Further, an HOV lane and an eventual HOT lane extension to the San Diego County line.[10]
Los Angeles County has a plan in place that has been approved by the California legislature.[11] They have received a grant for $213.6 million from the USDOT(US Department of Transportation). This plan will be implemented in two phases, although it is currently unknown when those phases will take place.[12]
Both phases are for the conversion of HOV lanes to HOT lanes.
- I-10 Phase 1: Convert the San Bernardino Freeway HOV lanes from Alameda St/Union Station to the intersection with I-605. Phase 2: From I-605 to SR 57: in design; from SR-57 to the San Bernardino County line.[12]
- I-210 Phase 1: Convert the Foothill Freeway from I-710 to I-605. Phase 2: From I-605 to the San Bernardino County line.[12]
- I-110 Phase 1: Convert the Harbor Freeway from 182nd St./Artesia Transit Center to Adams Blvd.[12]
- SR 60 Phase 2: Convert from the intersection with I-605 to Brea Canyon (under construction), and convert from Brea Canyon to the San Bernardino County line.[12]
One set of HOT lanes is proposed in San Diego County:
- I-15 Extension of already-existing HOT lanes. "Stage 3": From SR 163 to SR 56(Ted Williams Pkwy) (under construction). "Middle Stage A&B": from SR 56 to W. Bernardo Dr. (under construction; partially complete). "Stage North": From W. Bernardo Dr. to SR 78 in Escondido.[13]
Hybrid systems
- 91 Express Lanes, Orange County, 10 miles. Toll rates are time-based instead of congestion-based. SOV toll ($1.20-$10.00); HOV-3+ 50% discount ($0.60-$5.00).[14][15]
- San Francisco – Oakland Bay Bridge, westbound direction. Toll rates are $4.00 to $13.50 depending on the time of day, day of the week, and number of axles. Carpools, hybrid and ILEV vehicles with DMV-issued decals, and motorcycles are $2.50.[16]
Colorado
Road Name |
S/W Terminus |
N/E Terminus |
Length |
Cash tolls (automobile) |
Notes |
E-470 |
Lone Tree |
Thornton |
47 mi. |
$12.25 |
ExpressToll customers get a discount at ramp and mainline booths. Cash tolls phases out July 4, 2009. License Plate Toll started January 1, 2009 |
Northwest Parkway |
Broomfield |
& E-470, Thornton |
11 mi. |
$3.00 |
I-25 Express Lanes |
/19th Avenue, Downtown Denver |
/ Thornton |
7 mi. |
SOV toll ($0.50-$3.50); HOV-2+, motorcycles, buses free.[17] |
Reversible HOT. Price is for peak rush hour. Carpoolers can use the lanes for free. |
Former toll roads
Connecticut
Former toll roads
Delaware
Proposed projects
Florida
Road Name |
S/W Terminus |
N/E Terminus |
Length[18] |
Cash tolls (automobile)[19][20][21][22] |
Notes |
Airport Expressway |
Miami International Airport, Miami |
I-95, Miami |
4.132 mi. |
$1.25 with cash, $1.00 with SunPass |
Becomes I-195 just west of I-95 |
Martin Andersen Beachline Expressway |
I-4, near Lake Buena Vista |
I-95, near Cocoa |
53.5 mi. |
$3.25 with cash, $3.00 with SunPass |
|
Apopka Bypass / John Land Apopka Expressway |
U.S. 441, near Lockhart |
U.S. 17, U.S. 92, Maitland |
6.53 mi. |
$1.00 |
|
Central Florida GreeneWay/Seminole Expressway/Southern Connector |
I-4, near Celebration |
I-4, Sanford |
54.06 mi. |
$6.75 with cash, $6.00 with SunPass |
|
Daniel Webster Western Beltway |
I-4, near Disney World |
U.S. 441, Apopka |
31.853 mi. |
$3.50 |
|
Don Shula Expressway |
Homestead Extension, Richmond Heights |
SR 826, Glenvar Heights |
7 mi. |
$1.00 with SunPass, $1.45 via "Toll-By-Plate" |
Open road tolling; cash collection ended on July 17, 2010 |
Dolphin Expressway |
NW 137th Avenue, Tamiami |
I-95, Miami |
16 mi. |
$2.25 cash, $2.00 with SunPass (includes SunPass only section) |
|
Everglades Parkway (Alligator Alley) |
CR 951, East Naples |
I-75, I-595, Sawgrass Expressway, Sunrise |
84.28 mi. |
$2.50 with cash, $2.00 with SunPass |
|
Florida's Turnpike |
Golden Glades Interchange, Miami Gardens |
I-75, near Wildwood |
264.96 mi. |
$18.20 with cash, $14.40 with SunPass |
|
Florida's Turnpike Homestead Extension |
U.S. 1, Florida City |
Florida's Turnpike, Miramar |
47.856 mi. |
$4.00 with cash, $3.00 with SunPass |
|
Goldenrod Road Extension |
Orlando International Airport, Orlando |
SR 551, Orlando |
|
$0.50 |
To revert to City of Orlando when the costs are paid off |
Gratigny Parkway |
I-75, SR 826, Hialeah |
SR 953, Opa-Locka |
5.378 mi. |
$1.00 with SunPass, $1.30 via "Toll-By-Plate" |
Open road tolling; cash collection ended June 7, 2010 |
Holland East-West Expressway |
Florida's Turnpike, near Ocoee |
SR 50, near Bithlo |
22.13 mi. |
$3.50 |
|
Lee Roy Selmon Expressway |
U.S. 92, Tampa |
I-75, Brandon |
14.168 mi. |
$3.00 with cash, $2.50 with SunPass |
|
Osceola Parkway |
I-4, near Celebration |
Florida's Turnpike, Kissimmee |
12.4 mi. |
$1.75 |
|
Polk Parkway |
I-4, near Plant City |
I-4, near Polk City |
24.380 mi. |
$3.00 |
|
Sawgrass Expressway |
I-75, I-595, Sunrise |
Florida's Turnpike, Deerfield Beach |
21.835 mi. |
$2.00 with cash, $1.50 with SunPass |
|
Snapper Creek Expressway |
Don Shula Expressway, Kendall |
U.S. 1, South Miami |
2.658 mi. |
$0.50 with SunPass, $0.80 via "Toll-By-Plate" |
Open road tolling; does not collect cash |
Suncoast Parkway |
Veterans Expressway Spur, Cheval |
U.S. 98, near Chassahowitzka |
41.512 mi. |
$3.00 |
|
VeteransExpressway |
I-275, SR 60, Tampa |
SR 597, Cheval |
15.172 mi. |
$1.75 with cash, $1.25 with SunPass |
|
Proposed toll roads
HOT lanes
- I-95 Northbound and southbound lanes between I-195 and the Golden Glades interchange have been opened. Motorcycles, registered HOV-3, hybrid, vanpool, and buses ride free. SOV toll ($0.25-$2.65). I-95 will be done in phases. Phase 1A was opened December 2008; Phase 1B opened in January 2010. Currently open are northbound and southbound lanes between the Golden Glades Interchange and I-395. As of October 2011[update], Phase 2, from the Golden Glades Interchange to I-595 in Broward County is scheduled to begin construction in Fall 2011, with an anticipated completion in 2014.[23]
Georgia
HOT lanes
- I-85 Opened October 1, 2011. These lanes run between Old Peachtree Road and Chamblee-Tucker Road, including direct access to/from State Route 316, in Gwinnett and DeKalb counties. A Peach Pass is required for all vehicles including those exempt from tolling. The occupancy requirement for toll-free use is 3 or more people.
Conversion of the existing HOV lanes to HOT lanes has been approved to relieve the congestion in the DeKalb County portion of the Northeast Atlanta region. Roadway construction began in July 2010. This project will include the installation of new signs and sign structure, tolling technology and the installation of new guardrail. The construction zone is from Shallowford Road in DeKalb County to SR 317/Lawrenceville Suwanee Road in Gwinnett County and on SR 316/University Parkway from I-85 to Riverside Parkway in Gwinnett County.[24] This project will not include barriers; instead it will use painted lines to separate the HOT lane from other traffic. The new HOT lane will replace the HOV lane instead of expanding the roadway. [25]
Illinois
Indiana
Kansas
Kentucky
Kentucky's once-extensive toll road system has completely ceased toll collections as of November 2006, as required by state law when collected tolls or other revenues are sufficient to pay off each road's construction bonds. More recently, the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) has decided to route their portion of Interstate 69 and parts of future Interstate 66 over existing parkways. The Kentucky legislature and KYTC are considering reinstating tolls on the affected parkway segments to finance these upgrades. The KYTC along with INDOT is also considering toll financing for three new bridges across the Ohio River (two near Louisville and one for future I-69 near Evansville).[26]
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Proposed toll roads
Massachusetts
Former toll roads
Michigan
Proposed HOT lanes
- The Michigan Department of Transportation is considering the possible inclusion of a HOT lane on US 23 between the I-96 interchange in Brighton and the M-14 interchange in the Ann Arbor area. The US 23 corridor in this area is in disrepair and will require a complete overhaul of the freeway in order to satisfy projected traffic volumes in the future. [28]
Minnesota
Proposed HOT lanes
- I-35W Segment 3: From SR 65/I-94 split to 42nd St. This will be a Priced Dynamic Shoulder Lane (PDSL) (a type of HOT lane). Scheduled to open 9/2009. Segment 2: From 42nd St. to 66th St. This is an HOV to HOT conversion project. Scheduled to open 2010. Segment 1: From 66th St. to Burnsville Parkway (see Burnsville, Minnesota). This is an HOV to HOT conversion project. Scheduled to open 2011.[31]
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
Former toll roads
New York/New Jersey Port Authority
North Carolina
Proposed toll roads
Proposed HOT lanes
- Interstate 77 – From Brookshire Freeway (exit 11) to West Catawba Avenue (exit 28) in Mecklenburg County. The project involves converting existing HOV lanes and then extending lanes further north; it is currently development stage with construction beginning in 2014.[40][41]
Ohio
Oklahoma
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
- PR-22 (José de Diego Highway)
- PR-52 (Luis A. Ferré Highway)
- PR-53 (Dr. José Celso Barbosa Highway)
- PR-66 (Roberto Sánchez Vilella Highway)
South Carolina
Proposed HOT lanes
South Carolina
All South Carolina projects are under study.
- I-77 From the intersection with U.S. 21 to the North Carolina state line. This highway portion is very heavily used, and so HOT lanes is one option being studied to relieve congestion.[43]
- I-26/I-126/I-20 Projections are that traffic on these interstates will double by the year 2030. A corridor taskforce has been in place to study all the possibilities for managing the anticipated traffic growth. All these could accommodate HOT lanes.[43]
- These are the only segments that would support widening for HOT lanes:
- A 7.22 mile segment of I-26 from the intersection with I-126 to the intersection with US 321.
- A 6 mile segment of I-20 east of I-77 to the northeast section of Richland County. No funds are currently available.
- These segments could not be widened, but are still being considered for HOT lanes:
- A 9.22 mile segment of the I-26/I-126 corridor from US 176 to US 21.
- A 14.45 mile segment of I-20 from the northeast section of Richland County to the intersection with US 378.
- I-385 A 6.45 mile segment of I-385 from east of I-85. This segment could be widened for HOT lanes; however, no construction funds are currently available.[43]
Tennessee
Texas
Current toll roads
Road Name |
S/W Terminus |
N/E Terminus |
Length |
Cash tolls (automobile) |
Notes |
183A |
US 183 south / SH 45 east / RM 620 – Austin |
RM 1431 (Whitestone Boulevard) – Cedar Park |
4.3 mi. |
Minimum $0.45 - Maximum $1.35 (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG)
Minimum $0.60 - Maximum $1.80 (Mail) |
This is an All-Electronic Toll road. |
SH 255 (Camino Colombia Toll Road) |
FM 1472 near the Colombia Solidarity International Bridge |
I-35 |
22.451 mi. |
$3.00 (TxTAG/TollTag/EZ TAG/Laredo Trade Tag) |
This is an All-Electronic Toll road. Pay-by-mail not accepted. |
Dallas North Tollway |
I-35E in Dallas |
US 380 near Frisco |
32 mi. |
Minimum $0.30 - Maximum $1.05 (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG)
Minimum $0.40 - Maximum $1.30 (Cash/ZipCash(NTTA's name for Pay by Mail)) |
All-electronic tolling. |
Fort Bend Toll Road |
Beltway 8 / Sam Houston Tollway/Fort Bend Parkway Toll Road |
US 90 Alt. east (South Main Street) |
1.5 mi |
$0.75 (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG)
$1.00 (Cash) |
|
Fort Bend Parkway Toll Road |
SH 6 |
Beltway 8 / Sam Houston Tollway / Fort Bend Toll Road |
6.0 mi |
Minimum $0.35 - Maximum $1.25 (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG) |
This is an All-Electronic Toll road. |
Hardy Toll Road |
I-610 |
I-45 |
21.6 mi |
$2.50 (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG)
$3.00 (Cash) |
|
Spur 97 (International Parkway) |
SH 183 |
SH 114 / SH 121 |
4.0 mi |
Time Dependent. Cash or TollTag only |
Future acceptance of TxTAG and EZ TAG possible |
Loop 1 |
Loop 1 |
SH 45 |
3.8 mi. |
Minimum $0.45 - Maximum $0.68 (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG)
Minimum $0.50 - Maximum $0.75 (Cash)
Minimum $0.60 - Maximum $0.90 (Mail) |
|
SH 49 |
SH 155 |
FM 756 |
7.0 mi. |
Minimum $0.25 - Maximum $0.50 (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG)
Minimum $0.35 - Maximum $0.65 (Mail) |
|
President George Bush Turnpike / SH 161 |
I-30 |
SH 78 |
34 mi. |
Accepts TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG, and ZipCash(NTTA's name for Pay by Mail) |
All Electronic Tollway |
Sam Houston Tollway / Beltway 8 |
I-45 |
I-10 |
63 mi. |
from 50.$ to 2.00$ (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG) |
|
SH 121 (Sam Rayburn Tollway) |
SH 121 |
SH 121 / FM 2281 |
7.2 mi. |
Accepts TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG, and ZipCash(NTTA's name for Pay by Mail) |
All Electronic Tollway |
SH 45 |
RM 620 |
I-35 |
11.5 mi |
Minimum $0.45 - Maximum $0.68 (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG)
Minimum $0.50 - Maximum $0.75 (Cash)
Minimum $0.60 - Maximum $0.90 (Mail) |
|
SH 130 |
US 183 / SH 45 |
I-35 |
37.4 mi. |
Minimum $0.45 - Maximum $1.35 (TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG)
Minimum $0.50 - Maximum $1.50 (Cash)
Minimum $0.60 - Maximum $1.80 (Mail) |
|
Westpark Tollway |
SH 99 |
Westpark Drive |
20 mi. |
Accepts TollTag, TxTAG, and EZ TAG |
All Electronic Tollway. |
SH 550 |
FM 511 |
FM 511 |
0.5 mi. |
Minimum $0.50 - Maximum $2.50 (TxTAG)
Minimum $0.67 - Maximum $3.35 (Mail) |
All electronic tollway |
Tolled express lanes on freeways
- I-10, Harris County, from Texas State Highway 6 to Interstate 610. [45] The lanes use a variant on the congestion pricing model, in that certain vehicles (mainly METRO Buses) are given free passage at all times, HOV+2 and motorcycles are permitted free passage during designated HOV periods and are charged set tolls at other times, SOV vehicles are charged dynamic pricing depending on the time of day, and commercial vehicles are charged a set toll ($7.00) at all times. [46]
Proposed toll roads
Austin
Dallas-Fort Worth
Houston
San Antonio
South Texas
Proposed HOT lanes
- Loop 1604 There have been discussions of adding HOT lanes to this road in the future.[48]
- U.S. 281 There have been discussions of adding HOT lanes to this road in the future.[48]
- Interstate 10 Extending the I-10 HOT lanes from SH 6 in Harris County to FM 359 in Waller County (under study).[49]
- Interstate 635 From east of Luna Road to Greenville Avenue (under study).[50]
- Interstate 35E From south of the Loop 12/I-35E split to south of Valwood Parkway, including the reconstruction of existing facilities, construction of frontage roads and the addition of managed lanes.[50]
- SH 121/SH 183 (Fort Worth district) Proposed improvements are planned to include three general purpose lanes in each direction with three HOT lanes in each direction for a total of twelve lanes with frontage roads for future traffic volumes. Under study.[51]
- Interstate 35W From Wautauga Ave. to Meacham St. in Fort Worth. Under study.[52]
- Interstate 820 From I-35W to SH 121/SH 183. Under study.[53]
Hybrid systems
Former toll roads
Canceled projects
Utah
HOT lanes
Virginia
Proposed HOT Lanes
Washington
- SR 167, Auburn to Renton. SOV toll ($0.50-$9.00); HOV-2+ and motorcycles free.[57]
West Virginia
- West Virginia Turnpike
- Mon-Fayette Expressway (Under Construction) - Because a toll plaza was not incorporated in the design of the West Virginia section, officials from both West Virginia and Pennsylvania are contemplating the possibility of sharing the tolls collected in Pennsylvania.
References
- ^ Bella Vista Bypass Project Moving Ahead; State Officials Approve Toll Road Approach. Bella Vista Property Owners Association, April 12, 2007
- ^ Bella Vista bypass progressing well, lawmakers told. Arkansas News Bureau, May 26, 2006
- ^ HOT Lanes on I-15 in San Diego Retrieved May 29, 2009
- ^ "In Bay Area first, solo drivers pay to use carpool lane on I-680". San Jose Mercury News. September 20, 2010. http://www.mercurynews.com/mr-roadshow/ci_16122920. Retrieved September 21, 2010.
- ^ HOT Lanes on I-680 in Alameda and Santa Clara Counties Retrieved September 21, 2010
- ^ MTC Planning - HOV/HOT Lanes
- ^ 2 HOT Network Update Retrieved May 26, 2009
- ^ HOT Network Report 12-08 Retrieved May 26, 2009
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j 2 HOT Network Update PPT Retrieved May 26, 2009
- ^ a b c HOTLanes Executive Summary Retrieved May 27, 2009
- ^ LA gets legislative OK to take NYC's $210m for dynamic priced lanes I-10, I-110 Retrieved May 28, 2009
- ^ a b c d e Los Angeles votes to toll HOV lanes on busiest freeways, gets NYC's US$s Retrieved May 28, 2009
- ^ Expanding and Extending Interstate 15’s Managed Lanes Retrieved May 28, 2009
- ^ SR 91 Case Study Final (effective 1/1/2008) Retrieved May 29, 2009
- ^ 91 Express Lanes Retrieved May 29, 2009
- ^ Tolls on the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge, FasTrak
- ^ I-25 HOV/Tolled Express lanes
- ^ "Florida Department of Transportation Interchange Report" (PDF). Florida Department of Transportation. 2008-11-24. pp. 11–22. http://www.dot.state.fl.us/planning/statistics/hwydata/interchange.pdf. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
- ^ MDX Toll Schedule
- ^ Toll Calculator
- ^ OOCEA Toll Calculator
- ^ Toll Calculator - Crosstown Expressway
- ^ 95 Express Retrieved October 21, 2011
- ^ I-85 HOT Lanes Retrieved May 27, 2009
- ^ HOV toll lane project goes to bid by Ariel Hart, June 17, 2010, The Atlanta Journal Constitution Retrieved June 28, 2010
- ^ Kentucky ponders privatizing bridges, Louisville Courier-Journal, April 11, 2007
- ^ MTA I-95 Express Toll Lanes Retrieved September 10, 2009
- ^ "US-23 Feasibility Study". Michigan Department of Transportation. http://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdot/MDOT_US-23_Feasibility_Study_PART_5_302289_7.pdf. Retrieved 14 June 2011.
- ^ I-394 Background Retrieved July 13, 2009
- ^ Mn/PASS I-394 'HOT' Lanes Retrieved May 30, 2009
- ^ UPA - Innovative Choices for Congestion Relief Retrieved May 28, 2009
- ^ 12th International HOV Systems Conference: Improving Mobility and Accessibility with Managed Lanes, Pricing, and BRT Retrieved May 28, 2009
- ^ a b c d "NCDOT: Triangle Expressway". http://www.ncdot.gov/projects/triangleexpressway/. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ a b "Toll Rate for Triangle Expressway Set". http://wunc.org/programs/news/archive/TDJ030411.mp3/view. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ "NCDOT: Cape Fear Skyway". http://www.ncdot.gov/projects/capefearskyway/. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ "NCDOT: Garden Parkway". http://www.ncdot.gov/projects/gardenparkway/. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ "NCDOT: Mid-Currituck Bridge". http://www.ncdot.gov/projects/midcurrituckbridge/. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ "NCDOT: Monroe Connector Bypass". http://www.ncdot.gov/projects/monroeconnector/. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ "NCDOT: Triangle Expressway Southeast Extension". http://www.ncdot.gov/projects/southeastextension/. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ "NCDOT: Project I-5405". http://www.ncdot.gov/projects/search/details.html#id=1289. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ "I-77 Feasibility Study HOV-to-HOT Lanes Conversion". http://www.mumpo.org/PDFs/Agenda_Minutes/2010/Presentations/TCC_2010_05_May_Presentation_04.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ^ A Toll By Another Name is a Tax, S.C. Statehouse Report, January 29, 2006
- ^ a b c SCDOT to Study Possible HOV/HOT Lanes Beyond I-26 in the Charleston area Retrieved May 28, 2009
- ^ State legislature approves toll road bill, Millington Star, June 23, 2007
- ^ https://www.hctra.org/katymanagedlanes/managed_lanes_map.html
- ^ https://www.hctra.org/katymanagedlanes/media/road_rate_chart.pdf
- ^ a b c d e [1]
- ^ a b March 5 Transcript: Texas Department of Transportation Special Commission Meeting Retrieved May 29, 2009
- ^ Public Meeting - IH 10 Managed Lanes Retrieved May 30, 2009
- ^ a b I-635 MANAGED LANES PROJECT Retrieved May 30, 2009
- ^ SH121/SH 183 Study Retrieved May 30, 2009
- ^ 820 Studymap Retrieved May 30, 2009
- ^ North Tarrant Express Segment One Retrieved May 30, 2009
- ^ Katy Managed Lanes Toll Schedule Retrieved October 3, 2009
- ^ Evaluation of Usage Retrieved October 3, 2009
- ^ Express Lanes Retrieved July 30, 2011
- ^ SR 167 HOT Lane Toll Rates Retrieved October 12, 2010
See also